The basic principle of swimming is buoyancy. The human body has a high water content and its density is close to the density of water. Due to its cavities, the average density of the human body is lower than that of water, so it naturally floats.
There are two ways to swim faster, the first way is increase power and the other way is reduce water resistance.Because the power needed to overcome resistance increases with the third power of the velocity, the first option is not really effective.
Due to the lungs, the center of buoyancy and the center of gravity of the human body are not the same. Therefore the lower body has a tendency to sink. If the body is not horizontal but even slightly inclined, the area it offers to drag is much higher, leading to higher resistance. An easy way to stay horizontal is to lean forward and position the head straight in the extension of the spine. In this position the eyes are directed straight downward and the head is more immersed.
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